Both components have their own uses and advantages. While on the other hand, SMDs are soldered on the surface of the PCBs. Through hole components are those which have thick terminals you may say legs that go through the holes of PCBs. There are two very important technologies used for the making of electronic components. So as a beginner, first know what type of component you are dealing with. Examples are:Ĭategorizing the components this way is the key to accurate testing results. And don’t provide gain, in fact, they dissipate power. ![]() They don’t need any external power for their proper operations. While on the other side, there are passive components. They provide some type of gain to the circuit. One group is called the Active Components while the other is called the Passive Components.Īctive components are those that need external power for their operations. Component natureīasically, there are two types of electronic components. I believe the first step is to identify the nature of the component 1. As it will make us prepare for unseen or uncertain situations throughout our career and working with electronics. This general process will help us in the long run. It is important that we understand the testing process in general. Method 4: Using the M328 component testerīefore getting into any specific electronic component testing process.Method 3: By using an ESR meter (In circuit capacitors).Method 2: By using a Multimeter (Off circuit capacitors).General methods for electronic components testing Sounds interesting? Then, let’s get started. Use IC tester for integrated circuit testing.Learn how to use a proper component tester and ESR meter.Use a multimeter for testing effectively.Tell if a resistor, capacitor, inductor, transistor, diode, LED, and IC is good or bad.Know the general process and theory of testing various electronic components.Then I am sure you will like the rest of the article as well.Īt the end of this article you should be able to: If the above introduction has got your attention, and you are an electronics beginner or hobbyist. That is why this article will be a long guide that will walk you through the testing process of each component step by step. Now, there are so many electronic components out there. Some basic testing pieces of equipment are the multimeter, ESR meter, Oscilloscope, capacitance meter, Ohm meter, and much more. To successfully conduct a testing process, we need to have basic electronics test equipment in our lab. And you will become good at testing electronic components with time. The steps of the testing process vary from component to component.īut in my experience, these steps are easy to follow and remember. If the transistor passes all the tests then, it is functional and all the junctions are in healthy condition.Electronic components testing is a process to know if the components are working fine or not in the circuit or off the circuit. Again, the meter should read open circuit. The meter should read open circuit in this case.Īlso, connect the positive probe of the meter to emitter and the negative probe to the collector. Now, connect the negative probe of the meter to the emitter and the positive probe to the collector. Again, the multimeter should read open circuit. This time, the multimeter should read open circuit.Ĭonnect the positive probe of multimeter to the collector terminal. Now, connect the negative or common probe of multimeter to the base terminal of the transistor.Ĭonnect the positive probe of multimeter to the emitter terminal. Again, the multimeter should give some reading. The multimeter should give some reading.Ĭonnect the negative or common probe (Black coloured) of multimeter to the collector terminal. ![]() Set the digital multimeter to Diode or Continuity range.Ĭonnect the Positive probe (Red coloured) of multimeter to the base terminal of the transistor.Ĭonnect the negative or common probe (Black coloured) of multimeter to the emitter terminal. ![]() In the same manner, we can test a PNP transistor too. We can test an NPN transistor by testing the junction's continuity in the forward bias and reverse bias mode. ![]() When the reverse bias applied to the junction, it behaves as an open circuit. The test of the transistor is based on the principle of pn-junction biasing, i.e., when a forward bias is applied to the pn-junction (by connecting positive terminal to the p-region and negative terminal to the n-region), the junction allows current to through it. By examining both the junctions (Emitter-Base junction and Collector-Base junction) with the help of a digital multimeter, we can comment on the functionality of the transistor. Basically a transistor is nothing but two pn-junctions connected back to back.
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